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Porteus Maze Test
The Porteus Maze test (PMT) is a psychological test, designed to measure psychological planning capacity and foresight in children, adolescents, and adults. This nonverbal test of intelligence was developed by University of Hawaii psychology Professor Stanley Porteus.〔'' The Porteus maze test and intelligence'', Stanley Porteus, Pacific Books, Palo Alto, Calif., 1950, OCLC: 1901115〕 Maze test consists of a set of paper forms in which the subject is required to trace a path through a drawn maze of varying complexity with a limit of 15–60 minutes to perform this test. The subject must avoid blind alleys and dead ends; no back-tracking is allowed.〔(''Neuropsychological characteristics of adolescents with conduct disorder: association with attention-deficit-hyperactivity and aggression'' ), Michele Dery, Jean Toupin, Robert Pauze, Henri Mercier, Laurier Fortin, Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, June, 1999〕 A maze procedure is also involved as a supplementary subtest of the Wechsler intelligence scales as it allows for a wide range of application.〔'' Clinical Psychology: The Study of Personality and Behavior', Sol L. Garfield, Aldine Transaction, Piscataway, New Jersey, 2007〕
The test is suitable for people of age 3 and up. The original Porteus Maze Test was developed by Porteus as a young man when he was head teacher of the Victorian Education Department's first special school in Melbourne, Australia. Porteus developed his idea further when he migrated to Vineland, New Jersey, then Hawaii. A well known version is called the "Vineland Series", after the Vineland Training School in New Jersey where Porteus first worked when he arrived in the US from his native Australia. Additional mazes were provided in the Extension to the Porteus Maze Test, and the Supplement to the Porteus Maze Test.
==Background==
The original Porteus Maze Test was developed by Porteus as a young man when he was head teacher of the Victorian Education Department's first special school in Melbourne, Australia. Much of these early intelligence tests were created to have sections that call for maze solutions a factor that Porteus didn’t believe was necessary and which he did not include in his later adaptation.〔'' The Maze Test and Mental Differences'', Stanley D.Porteus,Vineland, New Jersey: Training School at Vineland, Smith Printing and Publishing House, 1933.
〕 The development of this particular maze test was in response to the restrictions of the Binet-Simon scales. Mazes in general are thought to assess procedures such as selection, trying, rejection, or adoption of alternative sequences of conduct or thought. Porteus asserts that, like the Binet-Simon scale, it is a valuable supplement in evaluating subjects' foresight and planning abilities. Porteus considered that this capacity was essential for adaptation to the most practical life situations and the failure of tests to provide a measure of it resulted in flawed diagnoses and inadequate assessment of the individual〔McCallum, Steve R. ''Handbook of Nonverbal Assessment ". Springer, 2003.〕
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